Red-bellied woodpecker and marlberry ( Ardisia escallonoides ). Photo by Christina Evans by permission As I've written previously, my developing landscape includes mostly deciduous trees and shrubs for birds. The flowers produced by these plants are significant for pollinators, a few serve as host plants, and nearly every one of them produces fruit for birds. Birds need invertebrates to raise their young, but a great many of them also rely on seeds and small fruit. Even insect-eating birds, like woodpeckers, will use fruit at certain times of the year. The high energy of invertebrates is required for the growth of nestlings, but fruit is an integral part of most adult birds' adult diets. That is especially true at times of the year when invertebrates are especially hard to find. Most invertebrates, even here in central Florida where I reside, are dormant in the winter. Some can be found under the bark of "shaggy" barked trees and beneath leaf litter, but fruit is...
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